sow

Does the sow sow oats in the field?

The sentence asks whether an adult female pig is planting oats — 'sow' the noun (pig) followed by 'sow' the verb (plant seeds).

Image illustrating the heteronym sow

Meanings

/saʊ/
rhymes with: cow, plow, how
noun

an adult female pig, especially one used for breeding

  • The sow farrowed eight piglets.
  • Sows can weigh up to 700 pounds.
/soʊ/
rhymes with: go, throw, snow
verb

to plant seeds in or scatter on the ground

  • Farmers sow wheat in autumn.
  • He sowed doubt with his careful questions.

Word origin

Two etymologically distinct words: 'sow' the female pig /saʊ/ is from Old English sugu, from Proto-Germanic *sugō. 'Sow' the verb (to plant) /soʊ/ is from Old English sāwan, from Proto-Germanic *sēaną. The two have completely separate origins; the spelling convergence is a coincidence of how Old English sounds developed in Modern English.

Fun fact

The phrase 'sow's ear' (as in 'you can't make a silk purse out of a sow's ear') uses 'sow' the pig /saʊ/. The proverb 'as you sow, so shall you reap' uses 'sow' the verb /soʊ/. The two words are different in pronunciation, meaning, and etymology — but writers occasionally pun on them anyway.