close

The shop will close close to 5 PM.

The sentence states that the store will end its operations near 5 PM.

Image illustrating the heteronym close

Meanings

/kloʊz/
rhymes with: rose, those, knows
verb

to shut; to bring to an end; to terminate operations

  • Please close the door behind you.
  • The factory will close at the end of the year.
/kloʊs/
rhymes with: dose, gross, jocose
adjective

near in space or time; nearby; approximately

  • She lives close to the train station.
  • We came close to winning the championship.

Word origin

Both senses descend from Latin clausus, the past participle of claudere ('to shut, close'), but with different routes through Old French. The verb /kloʊz/ came through Old French clore meaning 'to shut.' The adjective /kloʊs/ came through a different Old French word clos meaning 'enclosed, near' — the sense of 'near' developed from 'shut up against, in close proximity.'

Fun fact

The /z/-vs-/s/ ending is the regular English voicing alternation seen in 'use', 'house', 'abuse', and 'advise/advice'. In each case the verb voices its final consonant; the noun or adjective leaves it voiceless — a fossil from Old English derivational morphology.